Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic three-dimensional printed extravascular stent placement for nutcracker syndrome / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To assess the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic implantation of three-dimensional (3D)-printed extravascular stent for treatment of nutcracker syndrome (NCS).Methods The clinical data of NCS in our hospital were prospectively collected from August 2015 to August 2016.Doppler ultrasound and CT examination were performed before the operation of all the patients who were in line with the diagnostic criteria of NCS.The 3D model of extravascular stents with especial device to prevent migration was designed and was made by 3D metal printer with titanium alloy.The left renal vein(LRV) was exposed completely up to the inferior vena cava,then the stent was placed around the compressed LRV.Results 10 patients were enrolled in the study,including 9 males and 1 females,age (21.5 ±4.6) years.Among these patients,there were 4 cases with severe hematuria,1 case with proteinuria,5 cases with left lumbago,and 5 cases with left severe varicocele.The preoperative doppler ultrasound examination showed the diameter of the the compressed LRV was (1.57 ± 0.25) mm,and flow velocity was (164.40 ± 55.27) cm/s;the diameter of the LRV at the renal hilum was (8.7 ± 1.59) mm,and flow velocity was (10.70 ± 2.21) cm/s.The average operation time was (75 ± 11) min,and the average hospital stay after operation was 7 d.All symptoms were relieved at 3-7 d after operation.All patients were asymptomatic and all stents were stable after follow-up.At 12 months after surgery,the diameter of the LRV at the renal hilum was (8.23 ± 1.90) mm on doppler ultrasound,and there was significant decrease (P ＜ 0.01);the flow velocity was (21.20 ±3.88) cm/s,and there was significant increase (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Laparoscopic three-dimensional printed extravascular stent placement is a safe,effective and minimally invasive technique for treatment of NCS.

Research on Synthesis Technology of Ligustilide Dipolymer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the synthesis technology of Ligustilide dipolymer (compound Ⅰ). METHODS:Using phthalic anhydride(compoundⅡ)as raw materials,sodium borohydride was reduced to phthalide(compound Ⅲ),and then syn-thesize ligustilide dipolymer after 4 steps. Ligustilide dipolymer was characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The synthesis technol-ogy of fifth step was optimized by orthogonal test with catalyzer,reaction temperature and reaction time as factors using yield as in-dex. The validation test was conducted. RESULTS:The optimal synthesis technology of fifth step was as follows as aluminium mu-riate of catalyzer,reaction temperature of 150 ℃,reaction time of 5 h. The average yield of validation test was 56.16%(RSD=1.23%,n=3). Total reaction yield was 24.4%,and the purity of target product was 99.4%. CONCLUSIONS:Ligustilide dipoly-mer is synthesized successfully;synthetic process is stable,and its quality is controllable.

Etiology and treatment of delayed epistaxis after endoscopic surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the etiology and management of delayed epistaxis after endoscopic surgery.@*METHOD@#To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 11 cases for epistaxis after nasal endoscopic surgery. To compare their precipitating factors, their surgical approach, time and site of bleeding and management in order to find the intrinsic rules.@*RESULT@#The precipitating factors, bleeding sites and treatments varied among patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Delayed epistaxis after endoscopic surgery can not be neglected. There may be some precipitating factors. The surgical approach may be related to the bleeding site. It is better to treat the epistaxis using the endoscope to explore the bleeding site and to give corresponding intervention.

Application and technical analysis of enhanced T*2 star weighted angiography sequence in the detection of hemorrhagic shearing lesions associated with diffuse axonal injury / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To compare the efficiency of enhanced T2* weighted angiography (ESWAN) sequence with that of a conventional T2*-weighted gradient-recalled-echo (GRE T2*WI) sequence for the detection of hemorrhagic shearing lesions in patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI). And combined with MRI parameters, to further discuss the principles and virtues of ESWAN sequence. Methods Seventeen patients with DAI were enrolled in this study. The raw data acquired from ESWAN scan were postprocessed by using the mean square root of multi-echoes. Then, the postprocessed images were compared with the conventional GRE T2* weighted images. The global and regional (superficial, deep and posterior fossa) lesion numbers determined by both sequences were compared by using Wilcoxon signed ranks test (two-tailed). Differences were considered to be significant at P≤0.05. Results Hemorrhagic lesions were more obvious on ESWAN images than those on conventional GRE T2* weighted images. The median and range value of the detected lesion numbers on ESWAN images were 27 and (1-239) in whole brain, 13 and (1-89) in cerebral superficial region, 5 and (0-111) in cerebral deep region and 1 and (0-39) in posterior fossa region, respectively; whereas, on GRE T2* weighted images, they were 7 and (1-34) in whole brain, 5 and (1-27) in cerebral superficial region, 2 and (0-25) in cerebral deep region and 0 and (0-4) in posterior fossa region, respectively. There were significant statistical differences between the two sequences in revealing the lesions in all the four regions (Z=-3.519,-3.182,-3.185,-2.677,P＜0.05). Conclusion In ESWAN sequence, multi-echo acquisition ensured sufficient magnetic susceptibility for detecting small hemorrhagic lesions. So, ESWAN is more sensitive to small hemorrhage, which revealed more hemorrhagic lesions than conventional GRE T2*WI and presented more valuable information for the diagnosis of DAI.

Preparation and in vitro release characteristics of curcumin in nanosuspensions / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare curcumin albumin nanosuspensions and study its release characteristics in vitro.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Curcumin albumin nanosuspensions were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The nanosuspensions were characterized in terms of morphology, size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The mean size of albumin nanosuspensions before lyophilization was 245.2 nm and 240.3 nm after reconstitution. The distribution of particle size was uniform. The encapsulation efficiency was (42.39 +/- 0.91)%. In vitro release study revealed that the 72 h accumulative release percentage reached 96%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method described to prepare curcumin albumin nanosuspensions is simple. It might be a novel vehicle potentially for nanoparticle drug delivery system of curcumin.</p>

Diffusion tensor imaging study of Parkinson disease / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the change of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters on extracorticospinal tract and some domain in Parkinson disease (PD), and to explore the relationship between DTI parameters and PD. Methods Ten PD patients with unilateral symptoms and 20 with bilateral symptoms were enrolled in PD group 1 and PD group 2, respectively. Control group included 30 volunteers whose age and sex matched with those of PD group. PD patients and the subjects in control group underwent routine MR plain scan and DTI scan. FA and ADC maps were obtained after postprocessing. FA values and ADC values of ROI (region of interest) were measured. ROI included substantia nigra (SN), red nucleus (NR), globus pallidus (GP), putamen (PUT), caudate nucleus (CN), thalamus, genu of corpus callosum, splenium of corpus callosum, callosal gyrus, white matter of frontal lobe and anterior centra gyrus. All data were analyzed statistically. Results FA value of SN, CN, thalamus and splenium of corpus callosum of PD group degraded obviously compared with that of control group (P<0.05). FA value of PD group 1 was lower than control group and PD group 2 at anterior central gyrus and callosal gyrus (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of FA value among PD groups and control group at other ROI's. There was negative correlation between the changes of FA value at SN and PD grade. No significant difference was found in ADC value among PD group 1, PD group 2 and control group, but there was an increasing tendency of ADC value along with the progress of PD. Conclusion FA values of SN, CN, thalamus and splenium of corpus callosum can offer some important information for the early diagnosis of PD. DTI is useful for the study about PD's pathomechanism and clinical manifestation in vivo.

Study on novel colon position pulsatile capsule and its release in vitro / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a colon position pulsatile capsule drug delivery system of which the lag-time is controlled by a plug tablet mainly made of konjac glucomannan and evaluate its release profile in vitro.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Impermeable capsule body was prepared by filling method, the plug tablet was pressed by direct compression, and the rapid-disintegrable drug tablets was made by wet granulation. The pulsatile capsules were prepared by putting the drug tablet into the impermeable body and sealed it with the plug tablet The factors affecting the lag-time were investigated by dissolution testing.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The formulation of the rapid-disintegrable drug tablets influenced the pulsatile release of the drug, the composition of the plug tablet significantly influenced the lag-time; the lag-time was extended with the higher viscosity of HPMC and the increased proportion of konjac glucomannan.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pulsatile capsule with a suitable lag-time and colon position characteristics can be achieved by adjusting the composition of the plug tablet.</p>

Early local flap reconstruction in nasal defect due to severe infection after rhinoplasty / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility, option of surgical method and surgery opportunity of local flap reconstruction in nasal defects due to severe infection after rhinoplasty.@*METHOD@#The clinical datum of eleven patients, who had 15 cases of local flap reconstruction due to severe infection after rhinoplasty, were analyzed retrospectively. The lesions included defects of nasal dorsum, nasal tip and anterior-nare-vestibular fistula. Areas of defects ranged from 1.5 cm x 1.2 cm to 2.0 cm x 2.5 cm and fistula diameters fell between 0.6 cm and 0.9 cm. Based on the principal of nasal aesthetic sub-unit, nasal defects were restored with local flaps, such as nasal dorsum flaps, rhomboid flaps and nasal columella-tip flaps. The early changes and the maintenances of nasal contour after reconstruction were observed.@*RESULT@#All 15 reconstructions were carried out 2 weeks after control of infection, and stage-I recovery was achieved in all the cases. In the follow-up periods from 4 to 27 months, all the flaps survived. only 2 cases had distortion of nasal tips, however, they were recovered with subcutaneous injection restoration; the other cases received satisfactory nasal contour where the flaps matched well with the neighbor skin in color, texture and extent of actinic dermatitis.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the principal of nasal aesthetic sub-unit, the individualized early local flap reconstruction would have good effect on nasal function and aesthetics, which will restore self-confidence of the patients as soon as possible.

The Value of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Early Diagnosing Liver Cirrhosis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the value of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging(MR-DTI) in evaluating the severity of liver cirrhosis.Methods Seventeen patients with Child A liver fibrosis (age=35.0+11.8 years,14 males and 3 females),12 with Child B(age=44.7+14.0 years,5 males and 7 females) and 8 with Child C(age=48.7+7.6 years,3 males and 5 females) were recruited.All patients had clinical data and serum makers in full.Fifty normal controls (age=35.2+14.2,28 males and 22 females) were also recruited.Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) was performed in all subjects using a GE Propeller HD 1.5T MR scanner by employing a spin echo single-shot EPI(echo planar imaging) sequence.Average diffusion coefficient(DCave) and fractional anisotropy(FA) maps were generated from each P articipants DTI scan using AW 4.2 functool software.All the statistic analysis was performed in SPSS 13.0 , and P value of less than 0.05 was deemed to be significant . Results DCave values were 1.54±0.25 ,1.33±0.18 ,1.02±0.12 ,0.66±0.27 in control group and Child A , B , C respectively , the FA values were 0.46±0.10, 0.42±0.08, 0.56±0.05,0.71±0.41 in control group and Child A, B, C respectively. Significantly low DCave and changed FA in liver fibrosis group were found(P< 0. 05). Among the four groups, significant differences were found in DCave values and FA values(P<0.05) except control group VS Child A group in FA values(P=0.54).Conclusion MR-DTI is relevant to the severity of liver cirrhosis, and may be a useful tool for evaluating the severity of liver cirrhosis.

MRI manifestations and differentiated diagnosis of postoperative spinal complications / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To analyze MR manifestations of postoperative spinal complications and investigate the value of MRI in the diagnosis and differentiated diagnosis, 114 cases of spinal postoperative complications were analyzed retrospectively and compared with the clinical data. The results showed that the main postoperative spinal complications included spinal stenosis (n=33, consisting of 21 cases of epidural fibrosis and 12 cases of epidural hematoma or epidural abscess), lack of spinal stability (n=43), infection (n=23, consisting of 7 cases of para-spinal soft-tissue infection, 5 cases of vertebral discitis, 4 cases of vertebral and appendix infection, 3 cases of epidural abscess, 2 cases of myelitis, 2 cases of spinal arachnoiditis), others (n=28, consisting of 12 cases of inner fixation failure, 9 cases of epidural hematoma, 7 cases of cerebrospinal fluid gusher). It is concluded that MRI can specifically display all kinds of postoperative spinal complications, and is of significant value in the diagnosis and differentiated diagnosis of postoperative spinal complications.

Determination of the Contents of Berberine Hydrochloride in Spring Rain Burns Gels / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination the contents of berberine hydrochloride in spring rain burns gels. Methods Analytical column was Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) column with a mobile phase of Acetonitrile-1%H3PO4-Triethylamine (24∶76∶0.76), the detective wavelength was 345 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.088～0.440 ?g (r =0.999 7), and the average recovery was 98.13% with RSD=0.77% (n=6). Conclusion The method is rapid and reliable, and can be used for the quality control of spring rain burns gels.

Stage-I functional reconstruction of traumatic deviated nose deformity with chronic rhino-sinusitis / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility, surgical method, surgical effect and postoperative complications of stage-I functional reconstruction of traumatic deviated nose deformityaccompanied with chronic rhino-sinusitis.METHODS 37 patients with traumatic deviated nose deformity accompanied with chronic rhino-sinusitis were selected in this study.Methods of stage-I reconstruction included endoscopic nasal septoplasty, functional endoscopic sinsus surgery(FESS), turbinectomy, rhinoplasty and so on.The patients were followed up for one month after operation.The shape of the nose was observed and the nasal bias was measured also.At 3 months after operation, the therapeutic effect about the chronic nasosinusitis was estimated by endoscopic check and patients' subjective symptom.The data obtained preoperatively and postoperatively were treated with statistical methods.RESULTS 37 patients with traumatic deviated nose deformity were selected in this study.The postoperative bias was 2.04 ?0.97 mm and preoperative bias was(6.64?2.21) mm.A t-test revealed the significant difference between pre-and postoperative bias(t=6.374, P

Volumetric MRI analysis of the amygdala and hippocampus in subjects with major depression / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to explore the MRI volume of the amygdala and hippocampus in patients with major depression, quantitative MRI of the amygdala and hippocampus were studied in 22 patients with major depression and compared with 13 age-matched controls. The results showed that both groups exhibited similar significant hippocampal asymmetry (left smaller than right). The volume of the bilateral hippocampus was significantly smaller in the major depression group than that in control group. The patients had significant asymmetry of the amygdalar volumes (right smaller than left). No correlation was found between hippocampal volume abnormalities and ill duration. It was concluded that the hippocampus and amygdala within limbic-cortical networks may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of major depression.

Evaluation of large intracranial aneurysms with cine MRA and 3D contrast-enhanced MRA / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The value of combined application of both ECG-gated cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA in the detection of large intracranial aneurysms was evaluated and the findings were compared with those of conventional MRA and DSA. Twenty-four patients with 26 large intracranial aneurysms underwent MRI and DSA. All these aneurysms, diameter from 15 to 39 mm, were located at internal cerebral artery (n=12), vertebral artery (n=3), basilar artery (n=4), anterior cerebral artery (n=2), middle cerebral artery (n=2), anterior communicate artery (n=2) and posterior communicate artery (n=1). Thirteen cases of hematoma or cavernoma were studied as control group. All patients were examined on GE 1.5T MR system. ECG-gated cine MRA was performed with 2D multi-phase fast gradient-recalled echo sequence in a single section. All the images were analyzed with signal intensity VS time curve for differentiating intraaneurysmal blood flow from static tissue. The results were analyzed by statistic "t" test. 3D-CEMRA was performed with spoiled gradient-recalled echo and one dose of Gd-DTPA. All data was processed with multi-plannar reformat (MPR) and tomography for the demonstration of aneurysms in detail. All 26 aneurysms were demonstrated successfully by combined application of both cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA. Compared to DSA and conventional 3D-MOTSA, its sensitivity and specificity figures were both 100%. Cine MRA could differentiate the blood flow from the static tissue. The intensity VS time curves of intraaneurysmal blood flow offered fluctuating form and average signal change between systole and diastole period was about 89.8 +/- 37.4; However, under the control group, intraaneurysmal thrombus or cerebral hemorrhage or cavernomas had no significant signal change and the curves offered steady form with the average signal change being about 8.2 +/- 6.3. There was statistically significant difference between the intraaneurysmal blood flow and static tissue (P=0.025, <0.05). 3D-CEMRA was very useful in demonstrating the aneurysmal size, intraaneurysmal thrombus formation, neck and the detailed relationship of the aneurysm to the surrounding structures. It was concluded that the combined application of both cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA might be a valuable clinical tool for the detection of large intracranial aneurysms.

Evaluation of large intracranial aneurysms with cine MRA and 3D contrast-enhanced MRA / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The value of combined application of both ECG-gated cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA in the detection of large intracranial aneurysms was evaluated and the findings were compared with those of conventional MRA and DSA. Twenty-four patients with 26 large intracranial aneurysms underwent MRI and DSA. All these aneurysms, diameter from 15 to 39 mm, were located at internal cerebral artery (n=12), vertebral artery (n=3), basilar artery (n=4), anterior cerebral artery (n=2), middle cerebral artery (n=2), anterior communicate artery (n=2) and posterior communicate artery (n=1). Thirteen cases of hematoma or cavernoma were studied as control group. All patients were examined on GE 1.5T MR system. ECG-gated cine MRA was performed with 2D multi-phase fast gradient-recalled echo sequence in a single section. All the images were analyzed with signal intensity VS time curve for differentiating intraaneurysmal blood flow from static tissue. The results were analyzed by statistic "t" test. 3D-CEMRA was performed with spoiled gradient-recalled echo and one dose of Gd-DTPA. All data was processed with multi-plannar reformat (MPR) and tomography for the demonstration of aneurysms in detail. All 26 aneurysms were demonstrated successfully by combined application of both cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA. Compared to DSA and conventional 3D-MOTSA, its sensitivity and specificity figures were both 100%. Cine MRA could differentiate the blood flow from the static tissue. The intensity VS time curves of intraaneurysmal blood flow offered fluctuating form and average signal change between systole and diastole period was about 89.8 +/- 37.4; However, under the control group, intraaneurysmal thrombus or cerebral hemorrhage or cavernomas had no significant signal change and the curves offered steady form with the average signal change being about 8.2 +/- 6.3. There was statistically significant difference between the intraaneurysmal blood flow and static tissue (P=0.025, <0.05). 3D-CEMRA was very useful in demonstrating the aneurysmal size, intraaneurysmal thrombus formation, neck and the detailed relationship of the aneurysm to the surrounding structures. It was concluded that the combined application of both cine MRA and 3D-CEMRA might be a valuable clinical tool for the detection of large intracranial aneurysms.

Volumetric MRI analysis of the amygdala and hippocampus in subjects with major depression / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to explore the MRI volume of the amygdala and hippocampus in patients with major depression, quantitative MRI of the amygdala and hippocampus were studied in 22 patients with major depression and compared with 13 age-matched controls. The results showed that both groups exhibited similar significant hippocampal asymmetry (left smaller than right). The volume of the bilateral hippocampus was significantly smaller in the major depression group than that in control group. The patients had significant asymmetry of the amygdalar volumes (right smaller than left). No correlation was found between hippocampal volume abnormalities and ill duration. It was concluded that the hippocampus and amygdala within limbic-cortical networks may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of major depression.

Comparative study of 3D-SPGR vs 2D-SE T1WI after enhancement in the brain / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The utility of three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled acquisition in steady state (3D-SPGR) imaging in the cerebral diseases was evaluated and 3D-SPGR after enhancement in depicting contrast enhancement of all lesions and 2D-SE T1WI comparatively analyzed. 117 patients were subjected to MRI by a GE 1.5T MR system. After performance of axial T1WI and T2WI in all patients, MRA (3D-MOTSA) images were acquired in 6 cases (8 lesions) of aneurysms. After enhancement, 3D-SPGR images were obtained in all the remaining patients. Quality parameters (SNR, C and CNR) were calculated on enhanced 2D-SE T1WI and 3D-SPGR images. And a four-point scale was used to measure the signal intensity of the main lesions on both sequences, then statistical analysis of the average score was performed with "t" test. Except for aneurysms, 2D-SE T1WI detected 134 lesions and 3D-SPGR disclosed 147 lesions. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the two average scores as determined by the "t" test (t = 1,894, P > 0.05). The enhancement degree of the main lesion was equivalent on 3D-SPGR and 2D-SE T1WI. Quality parameters (SNR, C and CNR) on 2D-SE T1WI were much larger than that of 3D-SPGR, increasing by an average of 57%, 20% and 97% respectively. 3D-SPGR imaging with MPR could clearly depict vascularity related to neoplasms in 20 cases and demonstrate shifted, deformed and blocked vessels involved by tumors. Six cases of large aneurysms (8 lesions) were visualized more clearly on 3D-SPGR than MRA (3D-MOTSA): 3D-SPGR could display aneurysm necks and differentiate thrombosed portion from the patent lumen, and disclose relationship of aneurysm to surrounding structures. It was concluded that enhanced 3D-SPGR played an important role in the depiction of the cerebral lesions and was superior to 2D-SE T1WI in many aspects.

MRI and magnetic resonance angiography in evaluating simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three dimensional (3D) contrast magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the diagnosis of complications of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT), as confirmed by biopsy and digital subtraction angiography (DSA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five MR examinations of five patients were performed within 28 days to 2 years after surgery on GE 1.5T MR system. Imaging techniques included axial and sagittal chemical fat-suppressed T1-weighted image (T1WI) and T2-weighted image (T2WI), additional contrast axial or saggital chemical fat-suppressed T1WI were obtained after 3D contrast MRA for calculating the mean percentage of the parenchymal enhancement (MPPE) of the pancreas and kidney. 3D contrast MRA was performed with Smartprep technique. MRA data were analyzed with maximum intensity projection (MIP) and multi-planner reformat (MPR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In five cases of transplant pancreases, MRI found two normal pancreas grafts, one case of acute rejection, one case of chronic rejection with 70% fibrosis and one case of late pancreatitis. In five transplant kidneys, MRI detected four normal kidney grafts and one case of acute rejection with infarction. MPPE could distinguish infarction from other complications. 3D contrast MRA could display vascular complications of SPKT, such as stenosis or occlusion, aneurysm formation of transplanted vessels and narrowing at the site of anastomosis, as confirmed by DSA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With combined application of MRI and 3D contrast MRA, complications of SPKT can be clearly identified.</p>

Comparison of MR-sequence in the diagnosis of anal fistula--the clinical value of 3D flash / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To elevate the clinical value of 3D-FLASH in the diagnosis of anal fistula and compare it with convertioned MR sequence, MR sequences, consisting of spin echo T1WI, turbo invertion recovery magnitude (TIRM), fast low-angle shot image (FLASH), mon-enhancement and enhancement substraction and coronary reconstructing, was conducted in 15 cases suspected of anal fistula. Comparison was made among the three sequences in display rate of internal fistula, external fistula, the branch of fistule connulas. Our results showed that 1 patient had perianal abscess. 24 different anal fistulas were identified in 14 patients, and 10 of them was complicated with perianal abscess and 8 of them with complex multi-branch fistula. The display rate of 3D-FLASH sequence was much higher than those of T1WI and TIRM in all cases. It is concluded that 3D-FLASH sequence is an senstive and time-efficient technique for the diagnosis of anal fistula.

Comparison of Components in Decoctions of Fructus Viticis and Its Processed Products / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:Comparing the components in decoctions of raw Fructus Viticis and its processed products.METHODS:The methods of UV - spectrophotometry,TLC, etc. were used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of decoctions of raw Fructus Viticis and its processed products.RESULTS:The content of total flavone in the steamed Fructus Viticis decoction was the highest and that in the carbonated Fructus Viticis decoction was the lowest;the amount of water extract substances of honey- processed Fructus Viticis was the highest and that of carbonated Fructus Viticis was the lowest .CONCLUSION: It is suggested that there exist significant differences in intrinsic quality among various processed products of Fructus Viticis.